UROSAF Energetic Nutrition

The lifetime prevalence of urolithiasis ( kidney stones) is estimated to be 1% to 15%. Varying according to age, gender, race, and geographic location. The calcium stones are the most common type of the stones and calcium oxalate stones accounts for 60% of all stone types.

After the initial management of first stone episode, there is a risk of reoccurrence stone formation due to underlying metabolic abnormalities. Reoccurrence rate is about 10% in one year, 35% in five years and 50% in ten years.

Common Metabolic Abnormalities:

The common metabolic abnormalities associated with the kidney stone formation are Hypocitraturia, Hyperoxaluria, Hypercalciuria etc.

Composition:

Each 5ml contains:

• Potassium citrate 1100 mg

• Magnesium citrate 375 mg

Dosage form:

Oral solution.

Mechanism Of Action:

Potassium citrate and Magnesium citrate solution when given orally, the metabolism of absorbed citrate produces an alkaline load.

In addition to raising urinary PH and citrate, this also increases urinary potassium and magnesium. In some patients potassium citrate causes a transient reduction in urinary calcium.

These changes produce urine that is less conductive to the crystallization of stone-forming salts (calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and uric acid). Increased citrate in the urine, by the complexing with calcium, decreases calcium ion activity and thus the saturation of calcium oxalate. Citrate and magnesium also inhibits the spontaneous nucleation of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate.

The increase in urinary PH also decreases calcium ion activity by increasing calcium complexation to dissociated anions. The rise in urinary PH also increases the ionization of uric acid to more soluble urate ion.

Potassium citrate therapy does not only alter the urinary PH but also increases the ionization of uric acid to more soluble urate ion.

Potassium citrate therapy does not alter the urinary saturation of calcium phosphate, since the effect of increased citrate complexation of calcium is opposed by the rise in PH dependent dissociation of phosphate.

Calcium phosphate stones are more stable in alkaline urine.

Indications:

UROSAf is indicated for :

1. Prevention of reoccurrence of urinary stones.

2. Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) with calcium stone.

3. Hypocitraturic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis of any etiology.

4. Uric acid lithiasis with or without calcium stones.

5. Thiazide induced hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia in hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis.

6. Burning sensation.

Dosage And Administration:

One teaspoon (10ml) of UROSAF diluted with one glass of water.

Twice daily or as directed by the doctor.